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Interoperability between different systems is key to fully leveraging the benefits that C-ITS systems and applications can bring to the transport sector. In this perspective, the interoperability of the SCOOP@F system with existing C-ITS implementations in other countries is a major concern of the project. After verifying the technical specifications used by each country for developments, laboratory and road tests were conducted in 2018.

The objective of the laboratory tests was to ensure that no major issues would be encountered during the road test phase regarding the standards used for implementations. Using a compliance test approach, through log exchange and participation in ETSI Plugtests, it was verified that all participants shared a common understanding of the ETSI standards followed for implementations.

The first series of CrossTests on the road took place in Vigo, Spain, on a 10-kilometer section of the SISCOGA corridor (a permanent C-ITS experimentation corridor). The test site was equipped with CTAG facilities and used as a base camp for the road tests; the 5-kilometer section of the A3 road at the border with Portugal allowed for cross-border runs. Different scenarios were tested during this session, demonstrating end-to-end interoperability (V2I and V2V) between Spanish and French participants.

A second series of CrossTests was organized to verify V2V and V2I communication interoperability when secured: verifying message authentication and validating the trust chain. The CrossTests were held in the city of Reims, using the University of Reims facilities as a base camp for vehicle preparation, briefing, and debriefing sessions. Driving took place on the A4 motorway operated by SANEF to carry out the different scenarios. This session was held in conjunction with the InterCor PKI Security TestFest® event, whose objectives—verifying the use of different public key infrastructures (PKIs) and message authentication by different ITS stations—aligned with the objectives of the SCOOP project’s X-Tests.

The third series of CrossTests was organized to test end-to-end interoperability between participants in a real environment involving secure communication over G5. Power attenuation in protected communication areas was also tested. The location for this CrossTests session was the Living Lab in Vienna, supported by AustriaTech and managed by ASFINAG in collaboration with its industrial partners Kapsch TrafficCom, Siemens, and Swarco. The HMI results obtained during the tests matched expectations, and no security issues were detected. End-to-end interoperability was thus validated. Regarding protected areas, the messages were well interpreted as the transmission power decreased in all protected areas.

Following these test series, total interoperability between France, Spain, Portugal, and Austria was demonstrated. French manufacturers (Renault SA and PSA) communicated with the infrastructure via secured messages in the three foreign countries. Additionally, Spanish and Portuguese vehicles traveled to France and Austria, proving they were fully interoperable.